Research Library

Protein Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: A Metabolic Focus on Promoting Recovery and Training Adaptation

While protein is often associated with strength and hypertrophy, this comprehensive review emphasizes its essential role in recovery, adaptation, and performance for endurance athletes. Drawing from recent metabolic research, the authors propose updated, context-specific protein requirements and recommendations based on…

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What Is “Zone 2 Training”?: Experts’ Viewpoint on Definition, Training Methods, and Expected Adaptations

“Zone 2 training” has become a popular topic among endurance athletes and coaches, often praised for its ability to induce a wide range of aerobic adaptations. However, definitions of Zone 2 vary, leading to confusion around how it should be…

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New insights on mind-muscle connection: Motor imagery concomitant to actual resistance training enhances force performance

Motor imagery (MI), the mental simulation of a movement without physical execution, has long been used to improve performance. While most studies focus on isometric contractions in lab settings, this study tested a novel approach: combining MI with the actual…

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A Guided Digital Sleep Intervention to Improve Sleep Among Elite Athletes: A Feasibility Study

This feasibility study examined whether a guided digital sleep program, combining a 40-minute workshop, a structured seven-chapter sleep app, and weekly motivational reminders, could improve sleep and mental health among elite athletes. Sixteen athletes (mean age 20.5 years, ~18.6 hr…

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Dry Needling in Sports and Sport Recovery: A Systematic Review with an Evidence Gap Map

As athletes continuously push their physical limits, effective recovery strategies are essential for maintaining performance and reducing injury risk. Among various recovery techniques, dry needling has gained popularity for its potential to relieve muscle pain and stiffness. Despite its widespread…

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Preventing Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries in High School Sports Participants: An Executive Summary of the Inaugural Meeting of the National ACL Injury Coalition

Authors: Laura Robbins, Tom Farrey, Joseph Janosky, Vincent Minjares, Bert R. Mandelbaum, & Andrew Pearle To address the increasing rates of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury among young sports participants, the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) and the Aspen Institute…

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Longitudinal Associations Between Enjoyment of Physical Education, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Muscular Fitness Among Finnish Adolescents

Adolescents’ experiences in physical education (PE) have profound implications for their future physical activity behaviors and health outcomes. A longitudinal study conducted among Finnish students investigated the relationship between PE enjoyment and fitness components—cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness (MF).…

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An evaluation of the behavioural inhibition system and behavioural activation system (BIS-BAS) model of pain in athletes

This article explores how athletes respond to pain through the lens of the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) – Behavioral Activation System (BAS) framework. Here are the key points and takeaways: Framework Overview: This study applies the BIS-BAS model to understand…

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A Biopsychosocial Framework for Sport Science: “A Jack of All Trades Is Oftentimes Better Than a Master of One.”

In his seminal work nearly half a century ago, psychiatrist George L. Engel advocated for a paradigm shift in medical thinking, proposing the biopsychosocial (BPS) model to integrate biomedical, psychological, and social factors in understanding health. While widely embraced in…

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Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults

Recent research has delved into the relationship between regular running, biomechanics, and the structural integrity of knee cartilage in healthy adults. This cross-sectional study, involving 1164 participants aged 18-65, utilized advanced MRI technology and motion capture to assess knee cartilage…

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The Interruption of Rehabilitation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction due to COVID-19 Restrictions: Association With Return-to-Sport Testing

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, rehabilitation access was disrupted. This study compares late-stage ACLR rehabilitation outcomes before and during pandemic-related restrictions. It analyzes return-to-sport test data from two periods: pre-pandemic (Dec 2018 – Mar 2020) and during the pandemic (Jun –…

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Evaluating the effect of sports compression tights on balance, sprinting, jumping and change of direction tasks

This study delves into the efficacy of compression garments (CGs) during athletic endeavors, particularly exploring their influence on balance, sprinting, jumping, and change of direction performance. Employing a sample of 24 recreationally active participants, the research compares the effects of…

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Throwing cold water on muscle growth: A systematic review with meta-analysis of the effects of post-exercise cold water immersion on resistance training- induced hypertrophy

This paper systematically examined the impact of post-exercise cold water immersion (CWI) in conjunction with resistance training (RT) on muscle growth. Through a comprehensive meta-analysis of available data, the study aimed to shed light on whether CWI, when used as…

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Intraindividual variability in sleep among athletes: A systematic review of definitions, operationalizations, and key correlates.

Examining the landscape of sleep variability among athletes, a systematic review was conducted to delve into how researchers have conceptualized and investigated these fluctuations in sleep patterns. This comprehensive analysis, spanning 16 studies, highlights the varied approaches and limitations in…

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Effects of out-of-school physical activity interventions based on self-determination theory in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) based interventions on children and adolescents' physical activity levels and motivational processes, specifically when conducted outside the school environment. Analyzing nine identified studies, this research delved into the effectiveness of these out-of-school interventions, shedding light on their influence on factors like satisfaction of psychological needs, motivation toward physical activity, and actual levels of engagement.

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What happens in the prefrontal cortex? Cognitive processing of novel and familiar stimuli in soccer: An exploratory fNIRS study

Exploring the brain's response to cognitive tasks among semi-professional soccer players, this study dives into the differences in prefrontal cortex activity during general and sport-specific cognitive tests. By analyzing the cortical mechanisms underlying expertise in soccer, the research uncovers intriguing insights into how the brain processes familiar versus novel information in athletes. Understanding these cognitive nuances could significantly impact training approaches and shed light on the intricate relationship between brain function and sports expertise. Let's explore the key takeaways from this illuminating study.

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Big Data, Sport, and the Digital Divide: Theorizing How Athletes Might Respond to Big Data Monitoring

This article considers the relationship between Big Data and the athlete. Where Beer and Hutchins have focused on Big Data and sport, this article concentrates on the athlete’s potential response to Big Data monitoring. Drawing on the work of Andrejevic,…

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A Realm of Mere Representation? “Live” Esports Spectacles and the Crafting of China’s Digital Gaming Image

This article addresses the proliferation of images and appearances in the realm of e-sports culture in urban China. The author’s findings are based upon ethnographic research and participant observation of e-sports audience members, teams, and tournaments, including the 2010 Esports…

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We Don’t Need No Stinking Smartphones!: Live Stadium Sports Events, Mediatization, and the Non-Use of Mobile Media

The continuing institutional interpenetration of the sports, media, and digital technology industries makes professional sports an unlikely setting for protest against the use of media. Yet, major stadiums and arenas are serving as sites where the deepening reach and influence…

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The Datafication of Everything: Toward a Sociology of Sport and Big Data

This paper explores the articulations of sport and ‘Big Data’—an important though to date understudied topic. That we have arrived at an ‘Age of Big Data’ is an increasingly accepted premise: the proliferation of tracking technologies, combined with the desire…

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Young People’s Experiences of Parental Involvement in Youth Sport

Recently parental involvement in youth sport has intensified, challenging the understanding of youth sports as an arena where adolescents can develop their identity and autonomy. On this background, our study explores how adolescents understand and negotiate their parents’ involvement in…

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What Can Al Pacino Teach Norwegian Youth Athletes? A Norwegian Coach’s Ritual Use of Hollywood Media to Produce Team Culture

This article examines a coach’s use of a Hollywood film as a ritualized means for addressing concerns arising from boys’ participation in Norwegian handball. Through the prism of the ritual I elucidate a set of underlying cultural processes that are…

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Timing and Imaging Evidence in Sport Objectivity, Intervention, and the Limits of Technology

This article analyzes timing and imaging systems used as sports decision aids (SDAs). Evidence of athletic performance in the form of timing and imaging data is the product of distinct interactions between humans, technology, and the live environment. As such,…

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The Writing’s on the Firewall: Assessing the Promise of Open Access Journal Publishing for a Public Sociology of Sport

The process of digitization has transformed the ways in which content is reproduced and circulated online, rupturing long held distinctions between production and consumption in the (virtual) public sphere. In accordance with these developments over the past fifteen years, proponents…

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Self-Tracking in the Digital Era: Biopower Patriarchy and the New Biometric Body Projects

This article employs Foucauldian and feminist analytics to advance a critical approach to wearable digital health- and activity-tracking devices. Following Foucault’s insight that the growth of individual capabilities coincides with the intensification of power relations, I argue that digital self-tracking…

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Playing in the New Media Game or Riding the Virtual Bench: Confirming and Disconfirming Membership in the Community of Sport

This essay explores a set of new media user trends that are (re)shaping fan–athlete interaction through (para)social connections. Acting as bonding agents, the trends considered either contribute to or detract from membership in the community of sport. Accordingly, social leveling…

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Narrating goals: a case study on the contribution of Digital Storytelling to cross-cultural leadership development

This case study and evaluation of a Digital Storytelling (DST) workshop for young women identifies the strengths, limits and challenges of transformational feminist leadership development within sport for development programmes (SDP). Based on postcolonial feminist approaches and empirical evidence, the…

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Changing Work Routines and Labour Practices of Sports Journalists in the Digital Era: A Case Study of Postmedia

This article contributes to an emerging body of research that examines the transformation of sport, journalism and media practice in the digital era as part of what Raymond Williams has called the ‘long revolution’ of communications, culture and democracy. In…

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Sports Coaching Research: Context, Consequences, and Consciousness

This book raises critical questions about the explanatory framework guiding sports coaching research and presents a new conceptualization for research in the field. Through mapping and contextualizing sports coaching research within a corporatized higher education, the dominant or legitimate forms…

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Olympic Weightlifting: A Complete Guide for Athletes and Coaches

Olympic Weightlifting is a comprehensive guide to learning and instructing the Olympic and related lifts. Includes sections on teaching progressions, lift analyses, error correction, programming, competition, supplemental exercises, warm-up protocols, nutrition, and sample training programs. “Simply the best book available…

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Exclusionary Power in Sports Organisations: The Merger Between the Women’s Cricket Association and the England and Wales Cricket

Exercise Psychology, Second Edition, addresses the psychological and biological consequences of exercise and physical activity and their subsequent effects on mood and mental health. Like the first edition, the text includes the latest scholarship by leading experts in the field…

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