Protein Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: A Metabolic Focus on Promoting Recovery and Training Adaptation
While protein is often associated with strength and hypertrophy, this comprehensive review emphasizes its essential role in recovery, adaptation, and performance for endurance athletes. Drawing from recent metabolic research, the authors propose updated, context-specific protein requirements and recommendations based on…
Personalized Nutrition for the Enhancement of Elite Athletic Performance
While sports nutrition has progressed significantly since the early 20th century, the field has reached a plateau in its ability to support elite performance using generalized strategies. This article advocates for a paradigm shift toward personalized nutrition, highlighting that a…
A Guided Digital Sleep Intervention to Improve Sleep Among Elite Athletes: A Feasibility Study
This feasibility study examined whether a guided digital sleep program, combining a 40-minute workshop, a structured seven-chapter sleep app, and weekly motivational reminders, could improve sleep and mental health among elite athletes. Sixteen athletes (mean age 20.5 years, ~18.6 hr…
Protein nutrition for endurance athletes: A metabolic focus on promoting recovery and training adaptation
While protein is often associated with strength and hypertrophy, this comprehensive review emphasizes its essential role in recovery, adaptation, and performance for endurance athletes. Drawing from recent metabolic research, the authors propose updated, context-specific protein requirements and recommendations based on…
Diet, risk of disordered eating and running-related injury in adult distance runners: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Distance running is a popular and accessible form of exercise, offering significant physical and mental health benefits. However, the risk of running-related injuries (RRIs) remains a persistent concern for both competitive and recreational runners. While factors such as training load,…
Implementing menstrual cycle tracking: A pilot concept mapping study investigating considerations of coaches, support staff, and female athletes
Implementing menstrual cycle (MC) tracking in sports offers the potential to enhance athlete performance and well-being, but it requires careful consideration of various factors to ensure its effectiveness and ethical application. Takeaways from this recently published study highlight the most…
Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement, psychosocial functioning, and physical fitness: A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial
This study investigated the impact of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement, psychosocial functioning, and physical fitness in 7-8-year-old children across five European countries. Twenty schools participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial, with children assigned to either traditional…
Growing up and reaching for the top: A longitudinal study on swim performance and its underlying characteristics in talented swimmers
This article delves into the nuanced development of swimmers during puberty, aiming to distinguish between those on track to elite levels and those who are not. Over three swimming seasons, data was collected from 90 talented sprint and middle-distance swimmers,…
Throwing cold water on muscle growth: A systematic review with meta-analysis of the effects of post-exercise cold water immersion on resistance training- induced hypertrophy
This paper systematically examined the impact of post-exercise cold water immersion (CWI) in conjunction with resistance training (RT) on muscle growth. Through a comprehensive meta-analysis of available data, the study aimed to shed light on whether CWI, when used as…
Monitoring Readiness to Train and Perform in Female Football: Current Evidence and Recommendations for Practitioners
The latest research on women’s football delves into readiness monitoring and the menstrual cycle’s impact on performance. It emphasizes the need for a balanced approach, combining objective metrics like heart rate with subjective measures such as athlete-reported outcome measures (AROM).…
Intraindividual variability in sleep among athletes: A systematic review of definitions, operationalizations, and key correlates.
Examining the landscape of sleep variability among athletes, a systematic review was conducted to delve into how researchers have conceptualized and investigated these fluctuations in sleep patterns. This comprehensive analysis, spanning 16 studies, highlights the varied approaches and limitations in…
Protein Requirements Are Increased in Endurance-Trained Athletes but Similar between Females and Males during Postexercise Recovery
Understanding the optimal protein intake for athletes, particularly endurance athletes, is crucial for maximizing recovery and performance. This recent study delved into this realm, exploring protein needs in both male and female endurance athletes in real-world settings. Their findings shed light on the ideal protein intake, irrespective of gender, offering insights that challenge conventional recommendations and emphasize a unified approach towards optimizing muscle recovery.
Sources of Disordered Eating Patterns Between Ballet Dancers and Non-Dancers
The purposes of the present study were to compare selected psycho-behavioral characteristics between Australian adolescent-aged ballet dancers and non-dancers linked to disordered eating patterns, and to determine selected psychological characteristics that most likely predisposed ballet dancers at risk for developing…
Systematic Review of the Health Benefits of Physical Activity and Fitness in School-Aged Children and Youth
Background: The purpose was to: 1) perform a systematic review of studies examining the relation between physical activity, fitness, and health in school-aged children and youth, and 2) make recommendations based on the findings.Methods: The systematic review was limited to…
Beliefs About the Causes of Success in Sports and Susceptibility for Doping Use in Adolescent Athletes
The present study set out to assess the impact of attributional beliefs about success on the susceptibility for doping use in adolescent athletes. The sample consisted of 309 adolescent athletes participating in both team and individual sports. Participants completed a…
Bearing Bodies: Physical Activity, Obesity Stigma, and Sexuality in the Bear Community
In recent years, individuals who do not conform to healthiest body shape and weight norms are the target of an increasingly fervent moral panic about “obesity” (Gard & Wright, 2005). As a subculture within the gay male community (Wright, 1997a),…
Autonomy, Eating Disorders and Elite Gymnastics: Ethical and Conceptual Issues
Participation in elite sport, and in particular those sports with special demands in terms of weight and shape, is associated with a higher risk for eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa [Sundgot-Borgen, J., & Torstveit, M. K. (2010). Aspects of…
Anabolic Steroids in the UK: An Increasing Issue for Public Health
Aim: The aim of the paper was to identify changes in the extent and patterns of anabolic steroid use in the United Kingdom to better understand the public health implications within the context of the current health-related evidence base. Methods:…
An Own Goal in Sport for Development: Time to Change the Playing Field
Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) refers to the use of sport to promote varied outcomes beyond the playing field and has been defined as ‘the intentional use of sport, physical activity and play to attain specific development objectives in…
Amusing Ourselves to Life: Fitness Consumerism and the Birth of Bio-Games
Against the common perception that media consumption engenders inactivity, in recent years the technology sector has developed an extensive catalogue of games for bodily and cognitive exercise. Despite their popularity, however, and despite their potential ability to affect perceptions and…
Alcoholism and Recovery: A Case Study of a Former Professional Footballer
What little we know about alcoholism amongst professional footballers comes largely from the media (often tabloid newspapers) and published autobiographies and biographies of high profile stars. The coverage often focuses on deviant behaviour when drunk, such as driving under the…
Alcohol Consumption Among Women Rugby Players in France: Uses of the “Third Half-Time”
This article explores alcohol consumption among women rugby players, particularly during the “third half-time”, which traditionally takes place after the matches. The article will focus on alcohol use and the transgression of the norms of femininity. A series of ethnographic…
Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among American High School Seniors: Empirical Associations With Competitive Sports Participation
Drawing on data gathered from high-school seniors in the 2008 Monitoring the Future Study of American Youth (N = 2,063), this research examined the explanatory effects of competitive sports participation on alcohol consumption and marijuana use using race and noncompetitive…
Adolescent Sport Participation and Alcohol Use: The Importance of Sport Organization and the Wider Social Context
This paper investigates the relationship between adolescent sport participation and alcohol use, focusing on differences in sport contexts. We also include the wider social context, the role of peers and parents as key variables in our analysis. Our sample consists…
A Two-Study Investigation Into How Television News Frames the Steroid Scandal in Major League Baseball and Fans’ Support for Bonds, McGwire, and Palmeiro’s Pending Induction Into the Baseball Hall of Fame
Under the guidance of social categorization theory (SCT), this project analyzed news coverage of steroid use in major league baseball (MLB), and fans’ perceptions of three players indicted for using steroids—Barry Bonds, Mark McGwire, and Rafael Palmeiro—should be inducted into…
A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Constructing (Non-) Athletic Bodies
n this article we explore body norms Dutch youth create in their discursive constructions of athletic and (non-)athletic bodies and how these norms are enforced by the Panopticon and the Synopticon. Our methodology consisted of auto-driven photo elicitation group interviews…
A “Snapshot” of Physical Activity and Food Habits Among Private School Children in India
Concerns about increasing obesity in poorer parts of the world, including India, have often been premised in terms of global shifts in activity levels and caloric consumption. Lifestyle changes have been documented in large cities, but we do not know…
“Fat” Chicks Who Run: Stigma Experienced by “Overweight” Endurance Athletes
Research on “overweight” and “obese” populations is extensive, but little of this research specifically addresses the “obese” or “overweight” amateur endurance athlete. Amateur endurance athletes often have bodies that defy the stereotype of the typical marathoner, swimmer, or triathlete. As…
Cause It’s Family Talking to you: Children Acting as Change Agents for Adult Food and Physical Activity Behaviors in American Indian Households in the Upper Midwestern United States
This article presents research findings from the formative phase of OPREVENT, a pilot obesity prevention intervention trial for American Indian households on two reservations in the Upper Midwestern United States. We describe processes by which American Indian children acting as…
You Can’t be too Vain to Gain if you Want to Swim the Channel: Marathon Swimming and the Construction of Heroic Fatness
The fat body and the sporting body are conventionally understood as mutually exclusive, coming together only in sport-based weight-loss interventions. However, the sport of marathon swimming relies upon body fat as a performance advantage, and weight maintenance and gain are…
When is a Drug Not a Drug? Troubling Silences and Unsettling Painkillers in the National Football League
This paper uses a genealogical approach to explore the conjuncture at which the longstanding but partial and uneasy silence surrounding painkiller use in the National Football League seems increasingly under threat. We historicize and problematize apparently self-evident narratives about painkiller…
When Every Test is a Winner: Clean Cycling Surveillance and the New Preemptive Governance
This article examines the trend toward risk-based, preemptive social control as it has developed in anti-doping regulation in professional cycling. Specifically, this research considers how the regulatory technologies of anti-doping surveillance have become a core component of the everyday routines…
Using Soccer to Build Confidence and Increase HCT Uptake Among Adolescent Girls: A Mixed-methods Study of an HIV Prevention Program in South Africa
HIV prevalence is eight times higher in young South African women compared to men. Grassroot Soccer (GRS) developed SKILLZ Street (SS), a single-sex intervention using soccer to improve self-efficacy, HIV-related knowledge and HIV counselling and testing (HCT) uptake among girls…
Update on Banned Substances 2013
Context: Doping has been pervasive throughout the history of athletic competitions and has only recently been regulated by organizations such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), US Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). These regulatory bodies…
Tour du Dopage: Confessions of Doping Professional Cyclists in a Modern Work Environment
Despite widespread condemnation of drug use in sport, recent flurries of riders’ confessions have emphasized the normalization and omnipresence of doping within cycling. This has particularly occurred since the Festina affair in 1998, and Lance Armstrong’s confession about drug use…
Time Use and Physical Activity: A Shift Away From Movement Across the Globe
Summary Technology linked with reduced physical activity (PA) in occupational work, home/domestic work, and travel and increased sedentary activities, especially television viewing, dominates the globe. Using detailed historical data on time allocation, occupational distributions, energy expenditures data by activity, and…
The Socialization of Young Cyclists and the Culture of Doping
The objective of this article is to understand how the specific interactions between actors involved in the production of performance influence the socialization process by which cyclists learn their job. In particular, we try to understand how these interactions determine…
The Normal Body–Anthropology of Bodily Otherness
The Normal Body – Anthropology of Bodily Otherness Human biology and medical science focus on the normality of the human body. This focus deserves, however, to be questioned. Cultural studies, in contrast, focus on normalities in plural – normalities of…
The Frequency of Doping in Elite Sport: Results of a Replication Study
The difficulty of measuring the prevalence of doping in elite sport is a recurring topic in the scientific literature on doping. The Randomized Response Technique is a method for asking such embarrassing or even threatening questions while allowing the respondents…
The Ethics of Doping and Anti-Doping: Redeeming the Soul of Sport?
Verner Møller’s The Ethics of Doping and Anti-Doping: Redeeming the Soul of Sport? is part of Routledge’s ‘Ethics and Sport’ series. Other well-known books in this collection include Mike McNamee’s and Jim Parry’s Ethics and Sport and Sigmund Loland’s Fair…
The Conceptualization of Fitness Doping and Its Limitations
This paper examines the conceptualization of fitness doping and its limits. Much attention of the media and social sciences researchers has been focused on doping in an elite sport context. What is less developed is a sociological understanding of fitness…
Talking Doping: A Frame Analysis of Communication About Doping Among Talented Young Norwegian Road Cyclists
In everyday communication, participants can critically explore their understanding of morally complex phenomena. There has been little effort within the social sciences to provide insight into whether and how athletes communicate among themselves about morally contested topics. This study attempts…
Supplements for Strength-Power Athletes
STRENGTH-POWER ATHLETES IMPROVE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE PRIMARILY BY IMPROVING THEIR SPORT-SPECIFIC SKILLS. IN ADDITION, EXERCISE PERFORMANCE CAN BE ENHANCED BY IMPROVING STRENGTH, LEAN MUSCLE MASS, AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISE PERFORMANCE. SEVERAL SPORTS SUPPLEMENTS HAVE BEEN DOCUMENTED TO ENHANCE THESE ATTRIBUTES. INCLUDING CREATINE…
Sugar and Sports: Age Differences in Children’s Responses to a High Sugar Cereal Advertisement Portraying Physical Activities
This study experimentally investigated whether exposing children to a television advertisement for a high sugar cereal that depicts physical activities influences their perceptions of the promoted food and activities differently than exposure to an advertisement for the same product without…
Steroids: A New Look at Performance-enhancing Drugs
From Baron Pierre de Coubertin’s original objectives in establishing the modern Olympic Games to the increasingly widespread use of performance-enhancing drugs during the Cold War to the 1998 drug scandal during the Tour de France and beyond, Steroids: A New…
Riding in the Shadows: The Reaction of the British Print Media to Chris Froome’s Victory in the 2013 Tour de France
On 21 July 2013 Chris Froome became only the second British cyclist to win the Tour de France. This paper examines how the events surrounding Froome’s victory in the 2013 Tour de France were reported in the British (London-based) print…
Review of The Challenge of Modern Sport Ethics: from Doping to Cyborgs
I begin this review by stating from the outset that I love sport. Being Australian I am immersed in a culture where sport is revered and we are constantly inundated with sporting stories from our dominant codes. Whilst this love…
Religiousness as a Factor of Hesitation Against Doping Behavior in College-Age Athletes
Religiousness is rarely studied as protective factor against substance use and misuse in sport. Further, we have found no investigation where college-age athletes were sampled and studied accordingly. The aim of the present study was to identify gender-specific protective effects…
Recovery From Addiction and the Potential Role of Sport: Using a Life-Course Theory to Study Change
To date, sport has played little part as an adjunct or alternative to adult alcohol and drug treatment programmes. However, research into natural recovery (overcoming addiction without formal treatment) identifies that sustained, meaningful activities located within the community, supportive social…
Presenteeism in the elite sports workplace: The willingness to compete hurt among German elite handball and track and field athletes
Playing hurt is a widespread phenomenon in elite sports that often goes along with using painkillers, disregarding medical guidelines, and hiding pain from coaches, teammates and medical staff. This paper theoretically conceptualizes the phenomenon of playing hurt as a sport-specific…
Pharmacological routes to everyday exceptionality
In a modern era of speed, uncertainty, pleasure and anguish, the boundaries between pharmacologically healing and enhancing the mind are being redefined [Pieters, T., and S. Snelders. 2009 . “Psychotropic Drug Use: Between Healing and Enhancing the Mind.” Neuroethics 2…
Perfectionism and attitudes towards doping in junior athletes
Recent theory and research suggest that perfectionism is a personal factor contributing to athletes’ vulnerability to doping (using banned substances/drugs to enhance sporting performance). So far, however, no study has examined what aspects of perfectionism suggest a vulnerability in junior…
Parent–Child Interactions and Objectively Measured Child Physical Activity: A Cross Sectional Study
Parents influence their children’s behaviors directly through specific parenting practices and indirectly through their parenting style. Some practices such as logistical and emotional support have been shown to be positively associated with child physical activity (PA) levels, while for others…
Parent-child interactions and objectively measured child physical activity: a cross-sectional study
Parents influence their children’s behaviors directly through specific parenting practices and indirectly through their parenting style. Some practices such as logistical and emotional support have been shown to be positively associated with child physical activity (PA) levels, while for others…
Paradoxes of the flesh: Emotion and contradiction in fitness/beauty magazine discourse.
Analyzing women’s fitness/beauty magazines for advice on diet and exercise reveals a range of contradictions, the focus of this research. Contradictory diet and fitness discourses signify our culture’s paradoxical expectations for women’s bodies, ensuring that virtually no woman can measure…
Outline of a typology of men’s use of anabolic androgenic steroids in fitness and strength training environments.
Recent research into the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) in fitness and strength training environments have revealed great variance in users’ approach to AAS use and more specifically their approach to health risks and desired objectives. However, there have…
Organised Crime and Drugs in Sport: Did They Teach Us About That in Medical School?
There was a startling press conference attended by the Australian Minister for Justice, the Minister for Sport, the Chief Executive Officer of Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA) and the leaders of the major sporting codes in Australia. High-performance sporting organisations,…
Organisational perspectives on anti-doping work in sport.
The diverse challenges associated with anti-doping work in sport can result in multiple, competing viewpoints amongst stakeholder groups working to solve the problem. Coupled with the complexity of the problem itself, this has the potential to generate chaotic or disordered…
Omnivorousness in sport: The importance of social capital and networks
There has been for some time a significant and growing body of research around the relationship between sport and social capital. Similarly, within sociology there has been a corpus of work that has acknowledged the emergence of the omnivore–univore relationship.…
Now’s when we throw him under the bus: Institutional and occupational identities and the coverage of doping in sport
This article explicates the processes by which sports news is constructed by analyzing the case of performance enhancing drug use coverage. An ethnographic study was conducted of a North American cycling news journal and website. Investigating fundamental tasks of the…
Nobody’s Innocent: The Role of Customers in the Doping Dilemma
Customers who boycott an organization after some scandal may actually exacerbate the fraud problem they would like to prevent. This conclusion is derived from a game-theoretic model that introduces a third player into the standard inspection game. Focusing on the…
More money – better anti-doping?
Ever since the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was established, underfunding of the global fight against doping has been a perennial issue. So when WADA’s “independent” committee’s report about the lack of effectiveness of anti-doping testing was published, it was no…
May increasing doping sanctions discourage entry to the competition?
This article shows that under certain circumstances, an increase in doping sanctions can decrease the number of participants in the competition. The model, which is based on a work of Haugen, is formulated as a two-stage game in which agents…
Lifelong engagement in sport and physical activity: Participation and performance across the lifespan.
Sport and physical activity should now be understood as lifelong activity, beginning in childhood, and accessible to participants of all levels of ability. This book offers an overview of some of the core concerns underlying lifelong engagement in sport and…
It Was My Thought… He Made it a Reality: Normalization and Responsibility in Athletes’ Accounts of Performance-Enhancing Drug Use
Despite the widespread interest in athletes’ use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) in track and field, the voices of the athletes who use banned substances have seldom been heard. Interviews with competitive athletes were conducted to explore their relationship to doping.…
International medallists’ and non-medallists’ developmental sport activities – a matched-pairs analysis
The study examined developmental participation patterns of international top athletes. Pairs of 83 international medallists (including 38 Olympic/World Champions) and 83 non-medallists were matched by sport, age and gender. A questionnaire recorded their volume of organised (coach-led) practice/training in their…
Information creation on online drug forums: How drug use becomes moral on the margins of science.
Potential users of grey-market substances seek out internet drug websites to gather legal high information. However, where previous researchers have investigated drug wikis as sources of drug information, few have looked into the drug forums where an abundance of legal-high…
Harm Reduction and NFL Drug Policy
This article examines the National Football League’s (NFL) policy on illicit psychoactive drugs from a harm reduction perspective. The NFL’s policy reinforces the punitive tradition in U.S. drug policy. The policy features drug testing and requires abstinence from illegal drugs.…
Governing the child-citizen: ‘Let’s Move!’ as national biopedagogy
In this paper, we offer a critical examination of Let’s Move!, the comprehensive anti-obesity program initiated by the First Lady of the United States, Michelle Obama, that aims to solve the problem of childhood obesity within a generation. We argue…
Gene doping: an overview and current implications for athletes
The possibility of gene doping, defined as the transfer of nucleic acid sequences and/or the use of normal or genetically modified cells to enhance sport performance, is a real concern in sports medicine. The abuse of knowledge and techniques gained…
Gene Doping and the Responsibility of Bioethicists.
In this paper we will argue: (1) that scholars, regardless of their normative stand against or for genetic enhancement indeed have a moral/professional obligation to hold on to a realistic and up-to-date conception of genetic enhancement; (2) that there is…
Forget Me . . . Not: Marion Jones and the Politics of Punishment.
In 2008, Marion Jones was convicted and sentenced to 6 months in a federal prison for lying to federal prosecutors about steroid use and knowledge of a check-cashing scheme. This article explores the Jones scandal and the aftermath in the…
Food for Thought: Notes on Food, Performance, and the Athletic Body
Relatively little scholarly attention has been given to the theoretical and epistemological assumptions through which food and eating are implicated as vehicles to reproduce the athletic body. The purpose of this research note is to consider potential avenues for critical…
Fatness, Fitness, and Feminism in the Built Environment: Bringing Together Physical Cultural Studies and Social Materialisms, to Study the “Obesogenic Environment”
In a climate where the “obesity epidemic” is a consistent focus within discussions of public health, the theory that the environment is one of the main drivers of the “obesity epidemic” is coming to the fore. In this paper, we…
Exploring Relationships between Passion and Attitudes Toward Performance Enhancing Drugs in Canadian Collegiate Sport Contexts
The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between passion and attitudes toward performance enhancing drugs (PEDs). Participants were 587 male and female varsity and coed intramural athletes from four Southern Ontario universities. Athletes completed the passion scale (Vallerand…
Everywear: The Quantified Self and Wearable Fitness Technologies
What does it mean to wear a routine? This article explores a number of implications for the engagement of wearable fitness technology in everyday life. It straddles both a critical hermeneutic that explores the institutional prescription of wearable technology to…
English National Identity and the National Football Team: The View of Contemporary English Fans
The use of enhancement drugs attracts considerable academic, media and public attention. Such enhancement practices range from the illicit use of medications to the legal use of caffeine. This paper reviews the risks, benefits and regulatory status of those drugs…
Emerging Supplements in Sports
Context: Nutritional supplements advertised as ergogenic are commonly used by athletes at all levels. Health care professionals have an opportunity and responsibility to counsel athletes concerning the safety and efficacy of supplements on the market. Evidence Acquisition: An Internet search…
Effects of Achievement Goals on Self-Regulation of Eating Attitudes Among Elite Female Athletes: An Experimental Study
The influence of achievement goals on eating attitudes has mainly been examined through correlational studies (e.g., De Bruin, Bakker, & Oudejans, 2009; Duda & Kim, 1997), and none of the studies to date has focused on the self-regulation of eating…
Drug Use and Deviant Overconformity in Sport: A Sociological Approach
The use of banned substances continues in high performance sports despite control efforts by sport governing bodies and official testing organizations, such as WADA and USADA. The use of banned and other substances does not occur in a vacuum, nor…
Drug Taking and Employment: Exploring the Employable Citizen in UK Policy
This article extends contemporary debates surrounding drug taking and employment through exploring the importance of economic participation in UK anti-drug policy. Specifically, we undertake a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of recent drug-taking policy documents to demonstrate how key ideological repertoires…
Doping in Sport: A Review of Elite Athletes’ Attitudes Beliefs and Knowledge
Doping in sport is a well-known phenomenon that has been studied mainly from a biomedical point of view, even though psychosocial approaches are also key factors in the fight against doping. This phenomenon has evolved greatly in recent years, and…
Doping and Supplementation: The Attitudes of Talented Young Athletes
There is evidence of a small but significant proportion of adolescents engaging in doping practices. Young athletes face very specific pressures to achieve results as they strive for a career at an elite level. This study used an anonymized questionnaire…
Do Fans Care About Compliance to Doping Regulations in Sports? The Impact of PED Suspension in Baseball
There is little evidence in support of the main economic rationale for regulating athletic doping that doping reduces fan interest. The introduction of random testing for performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) by Major League Baseball (MLB) offers unique data to investigate the…
Dietary Supplements for Athletes: Emerging Trends and Recurring Themes
Dietary supplements are widely used at all levels of sport. Changes in patterns of supplement use are taking place against a background of changes in the regulatory framework that governs the manufacture and distribution of supplements in the major markets.…
Defending Doping: Performances and Trials of an Anti-Doping Program
Despite the growing research on doping in sport, there is little analysis of the sanctioning process. This article contributes to remedying this gap by examining anti-doping rule violation hearings heard before the California State Athletic Commission. Drawing upon qualitative fieldwork…
Complex Interaction of Religiousness With Other Factors in Relation to Substance Use and Misuse Among Female Athletes
Strength of religious faith (SRF) is rarely studied as a protective factor against substance use and misuse in sports. Herein, we studied the potential buffering effect of the complex socio-educational, sports, and religiousness factors in the protection against substance use…
Community Sport Events and CSR Sponsorship: Examining the Impacts of a Public Health Agenda
Tobacco and alcohol companies have long faced criticism regarding the unhealthy nature of their products and decisions to sponsor community sport events (CSEs). Recent public health concerns have led to additional CSE sponsor products facing similar criticism, including soft drinks,…
Civilising Processes and Doping in Professional Cycling
This article contends that professional cyclists have undergone civilising processes in relation to doping within the sport. Drawing on the theoretical approach of Elias, the author argues that over time stronger shame feelings in relation to doping became part of…
Churches as Targets for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Comparison of Genes, Nutrition, Exercise, Wellness and Spiritual Growth (GoodNEWS) and Dallas County Populations
Background We compared cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (CVRFs) of community-based participatory research (CBPR) participants with the community population to better understand how CBPR participants relate to the population as a whole. Methods Good News Participants in 20 African-American churches in…
Cheating is the Name of the Game – Conventional Cheating Arguments Fail to Articulate Moral Responses to Doping
One of the most common arguments in the discussion on doping is that it represents a form of cheating. In this paper it is argued that common doping-is-cheating arguments based on notions of rule-violation and unfair advantage are inadequate, since…
Cheating in Contests: Anti-Doping Regulatory Problems in Sport
We examine the impact of regulation on the doping decisions of athletes in a Tullock contest. The regulatory measures we consider are greater monitoring by sports authorities and a lowering of the prize in the contest. When legal efforts and…
Challenges to Promoting Health for Amateur Athletes Through Anti-Doping Policy
Anti-doping regulations are intended, at least in part, to promote the health of athletes. While most anti-doping efforts target elite and professional competitors, there have been recent moves by sport governing bodies to expand anti-doping testing to include amateur athletes.…
Carnivalesque Culture and Alcohol Promotion and Consumption at an Annual International Sports Event in New Zealand
This study investigated the promotion and consumption of alcohol at the 2012 New Zealand Rugby Sevens Tournament. The paper uses a quantitative survey to gain insight into how attendees experienced the event in relation to alcohol promotions and alcohol consumption.…
Cannabis in Sport: Anti-Doping Perspective
Since 2004, when the World Anti-Doping Agency assumed the responsibility for establishing and maintaining the list of prohibited substances and methods in sport (i.e. the Prohibited List), cannabinoids have been prohibited in all sports during competition. The basis for this…
Boosting the Late-Blooming Boy: Use of Growth-Promoting Agents in the Athlete With Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty
Context: The indications for use of growth hormone have broadened with the availability of unlimited recombinant human growth hormone. The Food and Drug Administration’s approval for use of growth hormone in growth hormone–sufficient patients with idiopathic short stature includes some…
Book Review: Testing for Athlete Citizenship: Regulating Doping and Sex in Sport by Kathryn E. Henne (2015)
Book review: Testing for athlete citizenship: Regulating doping and sex in sport by Kathryn E. Henne (2015)
Body Mass Index and Percentage of Body Fat as Indicators for Obesity in an Adolescent Athletic Population
Background: Body mass index (BMI) is widely accepted in determining obesity. Skinfold thickness measurements have been commonly used to determine percentage of body fat. Hypothesis: The authors hypothesize that because BMI does not measure fat directly but relies on body…
Binge Drinking and Sports Participation in College: Patterns Among Athletes and Former Athletes
This study draws on a nationally representative sample to examine the relationship between participation in organized sport and alcohol use. We build on prior studies by re-examining the relationship between participation in organized sport and binge drinking and how this…
Bike Racing Neutralization and the Social Construction of Performance-Enhancing Drug Use
Drawing from participant observation and interviews, I examine the attitudes and beliefs of elite and former professional cyclists and team personnel regarding performance-enhancing drug (PED) use and the neutralization techniques they employed to excuse and justify PED consumption. Participants most…